论弗里达绘画中民族视觉形象的建构

上海视觉 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 83-88.

论弗里达绘画中民族视觉形象的建构

李丽仪, 马晓琳

西安美术学院，西安 710065

出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-07-03
作者简介:李丽仪（1994— ），女，西安美术学院博士在读。主要研究方向为西方现当代艺术、当代美术研究与批评。
马晓琳（1965— ），女，西安美术学院硕士，现为西安美术学院教授，硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为西方现当代艺术、性别与女性艺术。

On the Construction of National Visual Images in Frida Kahlo's Painting

LI LIYI, MA XIAOLIN

Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-07-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在弗里达经典研究的基础上，本文基于民族主义的新研究视角，首先对弗里达民族视野形成的原因进行剖析，其次梳理她民族叙事探索实践中经历初创、混合和成熟三个阶段而逐步形成的墨西哥民族视觉形象。最后对她绘画中独具民族特质的视觉语汇的渗透及呈现方式进行探讨，分别是对阿兹特克雕塑的借用、通过特旺纳民族服饰实现身份强调、“前哥伦布”时代生命综合体的表现，以及运用墨西哥许愿画的传统形式来建构现代民族视觉形象。

关键词: 弗里达, 民族主义, 视觉形象, 阿兹特克

Abstract:

Building upon classic studies of Frida, this article takes a fresh approach, drawing on recent perspectives on nationalism. It begins by examining the factors that shaped Frida’s national vision, then traces the development of the Mexican national visual representation, which evolved through three stages: initiation, hybridization, and maturity, in her exploration of national narratives. The article concludes by analyzing the distinctive national visual language in her artwork, focusing on her use of Aztec sculpture, the emphasis on identity through traditional Tzotzil attire, depictions of life forms from the pre-Columbian era, and the construction of a modern national visual representation through the traditional format of Mexican retablos (devotional paintings).

Key words: Frida, Nationalism, Visual Representation, Aztec

李丽仪, 马晓琳. 论弗里达绘画中民族视觉形象的建构[J]. 上海视觉, 2025, 0(2): 83-88.

LI LIYI, MA XIAOLIN. On the Construction of National Visual Images in Frida Kahlo's Painting[J]. SHANGHAI VISION, 2025, 0(2): 83-88.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 14

[1]	[美]海登·赫雷拉. 弗里达[M]. 夏雨, 译. 上海: 上海人民美术出版社. 2003:39, 110, 111.
[2]	Andersen C. Remembrance of an open wound: Frida Kahlo and post-revolutionary Mexican identity[J]. South Atlantic Review, 2009, 74(4):119-130.
[3]	李建群. 20世纪拉丁美洲美术[M]. 长沙: 湖南美术出版社, 2003:5.
[4]	Block R, Hoffman-Jeep L. Fashioning National Identity: Frida Kahlo in "Gringolandia"[J]. Woman's Art Journal, 1998, 19(2): 8-12.
[5]	Herrera H. Frida Kahlo: the Paintings[M]. Bloomsbury Publishing, 1993:30.
[6]	[法]勒克莱齐奥. 迭戈和弗里达(插图版)[M]. 谈佳, 译. 北京: 人民文学出版社. 2011:25.
[7]	Montfort R. P. Indigenismo, hispanismo y panamericanismo en la cultura popular mexicana de 1920 a 1940[C]. Cultura e identidad nacional. Fondo de Cultura Económica (México), 1994:343-383.
[8]	Rivera D. My Art, My Life: An Autobiography[M]. Courier Corporation, 2012.
[9]	Kettenmann A, Kahlo F. Frida Kahlo, 1907-1954: pain and passion[M]. Taschen, 2003:36, 26.
[10]	Volk S. S. Frida Kahlo remaps the nation[J]. Social Identities, 2000, 6(2): 165-188.
[11]	Schaefer C. Frida Kahlo's Cult of the Body: Self-Portrait, Magical Realism, and the Cosmic Race[J]. Textured Lives: Women, Art, and Representation in Modern Mexico, 1992: 3-36.
[12]	Ankori G. The hidden Frida: Covert Jewish elements in the art of Frida Kahlo[J]. Jewish Art, 1993, 19: 224-247.
[13]	[美]甘妮特·安考瑞. 传奇人生:弗里达·卡罗传[M]. 邵文实, 译. 黑龙江: 黑龙江教育出版社. 2017:196.
[14]	Helland J. Culture, Politics and Identity in the Paintings of Frida Kahlo[J]. Woman's Art Journal, 1990, 11: 8-13.