关键词: 十九世纪, 马奈, 《奥林匹亚》, 艺术批评

Abstract:

In the 19th century, the innovation of the art language of Manet's OLYMPIA aroused great concern in the critics. In view of the modern expression of the painting, which is contrary to the traditional humanistic ideas and painting techniques, the critics have carried out the artistic criticism from a pluralistic perspective. Based on the classical exposition of foreign scholars in the 19th century, this paper refers to the "criticism of painting form" represented by Emile Zola, the "criticism of the perspective of painting history" represented by Gombrich.E.H., the "criticism of the connection between paintings and viewers " represented by Michel Foucault and Michael Fred, and the "criticism of class and ideology" represented by T.J. Clark, then provides a summary of views and also summarizes the research achievements and hot issues discussed by the Western critics in the 19th century which provides a basis for further research.

Key words: 19th Century, Manet, OLYMPIA, Artistic Criticism